Flames. While the Sixth Assessment Report of the International Panel on Climate Change is expected in 2022, it seems interesting to review the historical emergence of climate science as a global science. in that hydrogeology, Published in 1802, Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck proposed promoting a change of scale: “Nature nevertheless continually provides us with such great facts as the consideration of which is most necessary to judge justly, but which inattention and often incompetence prevent us from apprehending.”

But he also underscores the question of scales and their peculiarities in the context of scientific practice: , , In the study of science, as in any other kind of business, men with small ideas can really only indulge in small things, in small details, and their numbers always dominate. , For Lamarck, the flaw lies in the obsession with accuracy and precision: “This excess throws the physical sciences into a maze of theories thus developed, small, multiplied and infinite.” Thus he stigmatizes science enthusiasts “With Little Ideas”MILF scientists obsessed “Little Facts” who would hate “big ideas”, A good “Terrestrial Physics”They should, therefore, be based on meteorology, or the science of the atmosphere, on hydrology as the study of the outer layer of the globe and, finally, on the study of the atmosphere. “Corner” biology, biology.

This narrative, now subtle, disguises the actual fighting that took place in the 19th century.^I century between several rival epistemology. In Climate, science, empire and the problem of scale in motion (University of Chicago Press, 2018), Yale University professor Deborah Cohen outlines how climate science pioneers in the Habsburg Empire put the notion of scales at the center of their analysis to better understand local atmospheric phenomena. kept. [vent chaud et sec des Alpes suisses et autrichiennes], XIX. a little bit everywhere in the world^I century, scientists set out to describe national climate systems, whether it was Lorraine Blodet climate science of the united states (1857), Henry Francis Blanford for British India, or Vladimir Koppen for Russia in 1895. All emphasize the orderliness and stability of their climate systems.

“interdependence relations”

What happens in a multinational composite monarchy like the Austro-Hungarian Empire? Deborah Cohen showed that climatology is based on ethnographic knowledge that embraces the morphology of this diversity. In fact, if scientific companies are mobilized to give a natural basis to the foundations of nation-states, then the political claim of the empire which includes “Bring Unity in Diversity to Life” Meteorology has particularly benefited.

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